Hmong Translation Services
History
Hmong:
Pahawh Hmong alphabet:
The Pahawh Hmong alphabet was invented in 1959 by Shong Lue Yang (), an illiterate Hmong farmer living in northern Laos close to the border with Vietnam. Shong Lue Yang believed that the alphabet was revealed to him by God, a belief shared by many among the Hmong.
Shong Lue Yang and his followers worked uncessingly to improve and disseminate his alphabet, and to bring about a revival of Hmong culture. In 1971 he was assassinated by government troops who were worried about his increasing influence.
Shong Lue Yang also created an alphabet for the Khmu language (a member of the Mon-Khmer family), but it never caught on and soon disappeared.
Hmong, an austro-tai language spoken by about 5.5 million people.
In China Hmong is known as Miao and is written with Chinese characters or with an alphabet known as Pollard Miao. In Thailand, it is written with the Thai alphabet.
During the 1980s and 1990s several other alphabets were invented to write Hmong: Ntawv Paj Ntaub, based on Thai letters and Chinese characters, and Ai Ao Lo.
Today most Hmong write their language with the Romanized Popular Alphabet (RPA), a version of the Latin alphabet developed mainly by William Smalley, a missionary linguist, in the 1950s. In the RPA tones are indicated by final consonants.
Hmong-Speaking Countries
China
Vietnam
Laos
Thailand
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